The functions and uses of sodium carbonate_industrial additives

Sodium carbonate is commonly known as soda ash, soda, soda ash, and washing soda. It is usually a white powder and is a strong electrolyte. It is easily soluble in water and has the properties of salt. It is a weak acid salt, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol and insoluble in propanol. When dissolved in water, a hydrolysis reaction occurs, making the solution alkaline and somewhat corrosive. . It can decompose at high temperatures to produce sodium oxide and carbon dioxide. Long-term exposure to the air can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the air, generate sodium bicarbonate, and form hard lumps. The aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is strongly alkaline (pH=11.6) and has certain corrosiveness. It can undergo metathesis reactions with acids, and can also undergo metathesis reactions with some calcium salts and barium salts.

Chemical properties of sodium carbonate

The functions and uses of sodium carbonate 1 Stability

rubidium carbonate

Strong stability, but can also decompose at high temperatures to produce sodium oxide and carbon dioxide;

Long-term exposure to the air can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the air, generate sodium bicarbonate, and form hard lumps;

The crystalline hydrate of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3·10H2O, is easily weathered in dry air.

Function and use of sodium carbonate 2 Hydrolysis reaction

Since sodium carbonate is hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution, the ionized carbonate ions combine with hydrogen ions in the water to form bicarbonate dimethylaminopyridinium ions, resulting in a decrease in hydrogen ions in the solution, leaving ionized hydroxide ions, so the solution The pH is alkaline.

The functions and uses of sodium carbonate 3 react with acid

Take hydrochloric acid as an example. When the amount of hydrochloric acid is sufficient, sodium chloride and carbonic acid are generated, and the unstable carbonic acid immediately decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. This reaction can be used to produce carbon dioxide.

Function and use of sodium carbonate 4 Reaction with alkali

Sodium carbonate can react with alkalis such as calcium hydroxide and barium hydroxide to form precipitates and sodium hydroxide. This reaction is commonly used in industry to prepare caustic soda (commonly known as causticization method).

Function and use of sodium carbonate 5 Reaction with salt

Sodium carbonate can react with calcium salts, barium salts, etc. to form precipitates and new sodium salts.

The functions and uses of sodium carbonate

Sodium carbonate is one of the important chemical raw materials. It is widely used in light industry, daily chemicals, building materials, chemical industry, food industry, metallurgy, textile, petroleum, national defense and other fields. It is used as raw material and cleaning agent for manufacturing other chemicals. , detergents, and also used in photography and analysis.

The glass industry is the largest consumer sector of soda ash, consuming 0.2 tons of soda ash per ton of glass. Mainly used in float glass, picture tube glass shell, optical glass, etc.

It is also used in other sectors such as chemical industry and metallurgy. The use of heavy soda ash can reduce flying alkali dust, reduce raw material consumption, improve working conditions, improve product quality, reduce the erosion of alkali powder on refractory materials, and extend the service life of the kiln.

As a detergent for wool rinsing, bath salts, and an alkali agent in tanning.

In the metallurgical industry, it is used as a flux in smelting, a flotation agent for mineral processing, and as a desulfurizer in steelmaking and antimony.

It is used as water softener in the printing and dyeing industry.

In the tanning industry, it is used to degrease raw hides, neutralize chrome tanned leather and increase the alkalinity of chrome tanning liquid.

Soda ash is also used in the production of refractory materials and glazes in the ceramic industry.

Used in the food industry as a neutralizing agent and leavening agent, such as in the production of amino acids, soy sauce and flour-based foods such as steamed buns, bread, etc. It can also be mixed into alkaline water and added to pasta to increase elasticity and ductility. Sodium carbonate can also be used to produce MSG.

Anhydrous sodium carbonate is used for chemical and electrochemical oil removal, electroless copper plating, etching of aluminum, electrolytic polishing of aluminum and alloys, chemical oxidation of aluminum, sealing after phosphating, anti-rust between processes, and electrolysis It can also be used to remove chromium plating and chromium oxide film in electrolyte for pre-copper plating, steel plating and steel alloy plating.

The standard for calibrating acids in quantitative analysis. Determination of aluminum, sulfur, copper, lead and zinc. Test urine and whole blood for glucose. Analysis of silica cosolvents in cement. Metallographic analysis of metals, etc.