Introduction and main classification of textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries

As we all know,No matter cotton, linen, wool, silk, man-made fiber or synthetic fiber is not suitable for further textile processing after being formed, surfactants, emulsifiers, antistatic agents, and sizing are also required. Agent and a series of auxiliaries to obtain yarn or silk that meets the requirements, and then further process it intowoven span>When weaving or textiles, certain textile printing and dyeing aids are also needed. agent. Finally, bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing processing are required before it can appear in the consumer market. Each step requires the use of a variety of additives, among which wool, man-made fibers and synthetic fibers use a wide variety and quantity of additives. Big and demanding.

There are various auxiliaries required in the textile printing and dyeing process, the number of varieties is extremely large, The ones with the greatest impact probably include the followingJi Class:Spinning Processing aids before silk,This part is a high scoresubMaterial additives,Chemical industry is the first hereNo discussion. Auxiliaries for each cleaning process; such as detergents, refining agents, cooking agentsLianAgents, etc.; as well as drafting, drawing, twisting, reeling, spinning, weaving and other processes after spinning The necessary additives are generally called oilagent is called textile oil or fiber oil. The other type is used in dip dyeing, printing and other processes. . It is called printing and dyeing auxiliaries, such as diffusing agent, penetrant, dispersing agent, EvenDyeAgent, retarder, color fixing agent, etc.; there are also special additions for textilesOneSome special Additives with properties such as softness, antifouling, antistatic, fireproof, flame retardant, etc.,calledis a finishing agent.

Fiber oil agent

Synthetic fiber is a hydrophobic polymer material, oil agents must be used in both spinning and textile processing. Synthetic fiber oils,—generally consist of soft smoothing agents to improve friction characteristics, antistatic agents to eliminate static electricity, emulsifiers to ensure the stability of emulsions, and Reduce the increase of knotsheatheatStable antioxidant composition.

Smoothing agent

Synthetic fiber oilRarely composed of one material with a single chemical structure. But according to certain requirements and purposes, various base materials (surface activeAgent, mineral oil, higher alcohols, fatty acids Ester, etc.) are compounded according to their respective characteristics.

Mineral oil has a long history of use. When using it, you should pay attention to the fact that the friction coefficient increases with the increase in viscosity, and the viscosity is linearly related to the molecular weight of mineral oil, so mineral oil with a smaller molecular weight should be considered as a smoothing agent.

Fatty acidEster The smoothness depends on the numeratorThe amountincreases as the amount increases, but attention should be paid to the volatility of the ester when using it.

The smoothing effect of mineral oil and fatty acid esters is due to the nearly linear aliphatic hydrocarbon structure in the molecule. Therefore, the surfactant increases Water-based requirements should have a common chemical structure with the above-mentioned mineral oils and fatty acid esters. When a thin layer of surfactant is attached to the surface of the fiber, the linear water-increasing bases are neatly arranged outwards, and friction occurs between the water-enhancing base layers sliding against each other. The longer the water-increasing base is, the less likely it is to hang , and easy to slide. Therefore, the number of carbon atoms of surfactants used as smoothing agents is commonly usedC16HeC18The most. Water-adding surface activity with branched chain or benzene ringAgentsIn principle, they are not suitable as ingredients for smoothing agents.

longIn the silk oil agent, vegetable oil and mineral oil were initially used. Now, fatty acid monohydric alcohols are also used Ester, fatty acid polyester Alcohol esters, polyol monoacid esters, etc. Recently some surfactantshave beenBecoming an important smoothing agent for filament oilsagent, such as fatty acid polyhydricalcohol Fatty acid trimethylolpropane ester, fatty acid pentaerythritol ester, fatty acid sorbitol ester and other epoxides in estersanePropylene oxide copolymer, alkyl polyol ester, etc..

Short fiber oilAgentCommonly used surfactants with smoothing effectAgentsare alkyl phosphates and alkyl sulfates , fatty acid polyoxygenEthyleneEther, alkylphenol polyoxyethyleneether, fatty acid polyhasglycol ester, polyoxyethylene Castor oil, epoxyhexane -EpoxypropyleneAlkane span>Copolymer, alkyl polybasicAlcoholester, etc.

Ester, fatty acid sorbitol ester and other epoxyhexanealkanePropylene oxide copolymer, alkyl polyol ester, etc..

Short fiber oil span>AgentCommonly used Surface active agent with smoothing effectagentAlkyl phosphate, alkyl sulfate, fatty acid polyOxygenEthyleneEther, alkylphenol polyoxyethyleneether, fatty acid polyAlreadyglycol ester, polyoxyethyleneCastor oil, Epoxyhexane-EpoxypropyleneAlkaneCopolymer, alkyl polybasicAlcoholEster, etc. .